IL-1 α / IL-1F1: Human Interleukin-1-alpha

BACKGROUND Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) is constiutively expressed by epithlial cells, but can also be produced by most other cells upon stimulation. IL-1β and IL-1α are two distinct and independently regulated gene products that comprise IL-1 and signal through the Type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1). Although IL-1α is cell associated and IL-1β is secreted, they have nearly identical biological activity in that they induce adhesion molecule expression on epithelial cells, control fever induction, and play a role in arthritis and septic shock. Signaling activated by the IL-1R1 promotes these activities through a MYD88 signaling pathway similar to those associated with Toll receptors.

Recombinant human IL-1α is a non-glycosylated single chain protein containing 159 amino acid residues and having a molecular weight of 18 kDa.

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