Anti-Cyclin D2: Polyclonal Cyclin D2 Antibody |
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BACKGROUND Cyclin-D2 is encoded by the CCND2 gene in human. It belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family that control cell cycle progression in an orderly fashion from G1 to S- to G2/M.1 In mammalian cells, progression through the cell cycle is governed by a family of Cdks, whose activity is regulated by phosphorylation, activated by binding of cyclins, and inhibited by Cdk inhibitors. Three D-type cyclins (D1, D2, and D3) are expressed in G1 phase of the cell cycle and depending on cell lineage. D-type cyclins form complexes with and activate cdk2, -4, and -6 duringthe G1 phase of the cell cycle.2 The INK4 family of cell cycle inhibitors (P16INK4a, P15INK4b, P18INK4c, and P19INK4d) negatively regulates the activity of Cdk4/6 by preventing cyclin D binding. A key substrate for G1 cyclin/cdk complexes is the retino-blastoma protein, pRb. Phosphorylation of pRb, a tumor suppressor gene product, has been attributed to cyclin/cdk complexes and implicated in the regulation of proliferation in mammalian cells, phosphorylation of pRb blocks its ability to suppress the activity of S phase promoting transcription factors such as E2F. Apart from the positive roles that D-type cyclins play in cell cycle progression, a number of recent studies have shown that D-type cyclins also perform cdk-independent functions and, in certain cell types, even prevent cdks from being activated.3 Up-regulation of cyclin D2 has been implicated in human gastric carcinoma.4
REFERENCES
1. Tsihlias J et al.: Annu. Rev. Med., 50: 401–423, 1999.
2. Sweeney KJ et al.: Oncogene 14:1329 - 1340, 1997.
3. Pagano M et al.: Genes Dev., 8, 1627 - 1639, 1994.
4. Nakayama OY et al.: Int J Oncol.;23:1663-70, 2003.
2. Sweeney KJ et al.: Oncogene 14:1329 - 1340, 1997.
3. Pagano M et al.: Genes Dev., 8, 1627 - 1639, 1994.
4. Nakayama OY et al.: Int J Oncol.;23:1663-70, 2003.
Products are for research use only. They are not intended for human, animal, or diagnostic applications.
Параметры
Cat.No.: | CA1225 |
Antigen: | Peptide containing human Cyclin D2 N-terminal sequence. |
Isotype: | Rabbit Polyclonal |
Species & predicted species cross- reactivity ( ): | Human, Rat, Mouse |
Applications & Suggested starting dilutions: | WB 1:1000 IP 1:50 IHC (Paraffin) 1:100 ICC n/d FACS n/d |
Predicted Molecular Weight of protein: | 30 kDa |
Specificity/Sensitivity: | Detects endogenous levels of Cyclin D2 protein in normal primary cell lysates. |
Storage: | Store at 4° C for frequent use; at -20° C for at least one year. |
*Optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user.
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