Anti-Phospho-ER-β: Polyclonal Estrogen Receptor beta, Phospho-Ser106 Antibody |
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BACKGROUND The steroid hormone estrogen plays a critical role in the regulation of growth and development of reproductive tissues. The effects of estrogen in these tissues are due to changes in gene expression modulated by the estrogen receptors (ERs). ERs are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of transcription factors. After being activated by binding estrogen, the ER activates transcription of hormone-responsive genes. ER family contains two members, ERalpha and ERbeta. The ERs contain two transcription activation domains, AF-1 located in the N-terminal A/B domain, and AF-2 located within the C-terminal ligand-binding domain. Although AF-2 function is dependent upon ligand binding, AF-1 functions independently of ligand binding, but synergizes with AF-2 in the promotion of ligand-dependent transcription activation by the receptor.1 The ER can also be activated by ligand-independent pathways involving signals originating from growth factor receptors. This pathway involves signaling from cell surface receptors and results in phosphorylation of the estrogen receptor. Activation of ERalpha by epidermal growth factor was shown to involve phosphorylation of serine 118 in the AF-1 region of ERalpha through a Ras-Raf-MAPK signaling pathway.2 The serine 106 of ERbeta was phosphorylated by a activated ErbB2/ErbB3 pathway, resulting selective hormone-dependent repression of estrogen receptor beta.3
REFERENCES
1. Driggers, P.H. et al. J. Biol. Chem., 276:46792, 2001.
2. Yamashita H et al: Breast Cancer Res. 7:R753, 2005.
3. St-Laurent V et al: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 94: 23, 2005.
2. Yamashita H et al: Breast Cancer Res. 7:R753, 2005.
3. St-Laurent V et al: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 94: 23, 2005.
Products are for research use only. They are not intended for human, animal, or diagnostic applications.
Параметры
Cat.No.: | CB3768 |
Antigen: | KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide containing phospho-Ser106 and surrounding sequence of human estrogen receptor-beta |
Isotype: | Rabbit IgG |
Species & predicted species cross- reactivity ( ): | Human |
Applications & Suggested starting dilutions: | WB 1:1000 IP n/d IHC (Paraffin) n/d ICC n/d FACS n/d |
Predicted Molecular Weight of protein: | 60 kDa |
Specificity/Sensitivity: | Detects endogenous levels of estrogen receptor-beta only when Ser106 is phosphorylated. Does not cross-react with other ER-family members. |
Storage: | Store at -20°C, 4°C for frequent use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
*Optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user.
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